| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Equites Dalmatae ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Equites Dalmatae
The ''equites Dalmatae'' (Latin for "Dalmatian horsemen") were a class of cavalry in the Late Roman army. They were one of several categories of cavalry unit or ''vexillatio'' created between the 260s and 290s as part of a poorly understood reorganization and expansion of Roman cavalry forces. These new cavalry ''vexillationes'', typically bearing the basic regimental designation ''equites'', mostly originated as detachments of existing mounted units (''alae'', ''cohortes equitatae'', ''equites legionis''), which were separated from their parent corps and later constituted as independent units.〔 H.-G. Simon, "Die Reformen der Reiterei unter Kaiser Gallien", in W. Eck ''et al''. (ed.), ''Studien zur antiken Sozialgeschichte'' (Cologne/Vienna 1980) 435-452; M.P. Speidel, "Das Heer" in K.-P. Johne ''et al''. (ed.), ''Die Zeit der Soldatenkaiser, Krise und Transformation des römischen Reiches im 3. Jahrhundert n. Chr. (235-284)'' (Berlin 2008) I, 673-90 at 677-684.〕
The ''equites Dalmatae'' were the largest category of the new cavalry ''vexillationes''. At the beginning of the fifth century, the ''Notitia Dignitatum'' lists 48 units of ''equites Dalmatae'' or ''cunei Dalmatarum'' deployed throughout the Roman Empire (31 in the West; 17 in the East).〔R. Scharf, "Equites Dalmatae und cunei Dalmatarum in der Spätantike", ''ZPE'' 135 (2001) 185-193.〕 The earliest documentation relates to the reign of Gallienus (260-268).〔''Historia Augusta, Gallienus'' 14.4; Zosimus, ''Historia Nova'' 1.40.2.〕 The titular component "''Dalmatae''" probably refers to the geographical region in which these units were raised and/or originally stationed, namely the provinces of the western Balkans which formed the core of Gallienus’ truncated empire. They possibly originated as detachments of ''alae'' and ''cohortes equitatae'' available to Gallienus in these provinces. The ''equites Dalmatae'' appear to have contributed to the victories of Claudius II (268-270) over the Goths in 269, and they participated in Aurelian’s reconquest of Palmyra in 272-3.〔Zosimus, ''Historia Nova'' 1.43.2, 52.3.〕 Subsequently, probably under the Tetrarchy or Constantine I, most of the ''equites Dalmatae'' were permanently assigned to the garrisons of frontier provinces.
== References ==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Equites Dalmatae」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|